Hello,
1) The name "van Hoven" seems Dutch for me, could be a little bit translated as the yard of a farmer (Bauernhof) in old Dutch. In Flemish they still use the word 'hof' for 'tuin', what both means garden. Arnoldus and Felicius are catholic names I think. In The Netherlands were most people about that time reformed, a little bit was catholic.
So, I think you need to look in the catholic registers (it is also possible he changed his name in Germany, depends of what religion he married).
2) Appeldorn and Xanten are near the Rhine, maybe he arrived by ship. So perhaps is taking a look into the registers of Dutch villages near the Rhine also an option. (I have ancestors from Deventer, who were born in the Duchy of Cleves).
I was wondering if the marriage registration does not show where Arnoldus came from?
You can also try to search at www.geneanet.org (if other researchers have more information about the family van Hoven) or www.wiewaswie.nl (a large database from the registers in the Netherlands).
Good luck!